Philippi's law
Philippi's law refers to a sound rule in Biblical Hebrew first identified by F. W. M. Philippi in 1878, but has since been refined by Thomas O. Lambdin.[1][2]
Essentially, in Biblical Hebrew, sometimes the sound /i/ shifted to /a/, but the reason for this development was unclear or debated.[3] It is "universally supposed to be operative", according to linguists in the field, but criticized as "Philippi's law falls woefully short of what one would expect of a 'law' in historical phonology...."[4]
Some critics suggested that it might not even be a rule in Hebrew, but rather a sound rule in Aramaic.[5] Even Philippi, who mentions it in an article about the numeral '2' in Semitic, proposed that "the rule was Proto-Semitic" in origin.[6][7] Philippi's law is also used to explain the vowel shift of Proto-Semitic bint for daughter to the Hebrew word bat (בת) and many other words.[8]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ↑ Philippi, F. W. M. (1878). "Das Zahlwort Zwei im Semitischen". Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft. 32: 21–98.
- ↑ Thomas O. Lambdin (1985). "Philippi's Law Reconsidered". In Ann Kort; Scott Morschauser (eds.). Biblical and Related Studies Presented to Samuel Iwry. Winona Lake, Indiana: Eisenbrauns. pp. 135–145. ISBN 9780931464232.
- ↑ Blake, Frank R. (1950). "The Apparent Interchange between a and i in Hebrew". Journal of Near Eastern Studies. 9 (2): 76–83. doi:10.1086/370960. JSTOR 542721. S2CID 161219913.
- ↑ Thomas O. Lambdin (1985). "Philippi's Law Reconsidered". In Ann Kort; Scott Morschauser (eds.). Biblical and Related Studies Presented to Samuel Iwry. Winona Lake, Indiana: Eisenbrauns. p. 136. ISBN 9780931464232.
- ↑ Huernergard, John (1992). Walter Ray Bodine (ed.). Linguistics and Biblical Hebrew. Eisenbrauns. pp. 212–216. ISBN 9780931464553. (citing several sources in footnotes 19-27).
- ↑ Thomas O. Lambdin (1985). "Philippi's Law Reconsidered". In Ann Kort; Scott Morschauser (eds.). Biblical and Related Studies Presented to Samuel Iwry. Winona Lake, Indiana: Eisenbrauns. p. 135. ISBN 9780931464232.
- ↑ Huehnergard, John (2013-08-01). "Philippi's Law". In Khan, Geoffrey (ed.). Encyclopedia of Hebrew Language and Linguistics. Vol. 3. Leiden: Brill. p. 70. ISBN 978-90-04-17642-3. Archived from the original on 2023-04-12.
- ↑ Paul Joüon (Translated by T. Muraoka). A Grammar of Biblical Hebrew: Subsidia Biblica. Gregorian Biblical BookShop, 2006. ISBN 9788876536298. Pages 88, 90, 117, 138, 147, 223, 279, 293 (n. 1).
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