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Loretta Young

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Loretta Young
Studio portrait of Loretta Young, 1940s
Born
Gretchen Michaela Young

(1913-01-06)January 6, 1913
Salt Lake City, Utah, U.S.
DiedAugust 12, 2000(2000-08-12) (aged 87)
Los Angeles, California, U.S.
Resting place
Holy Cross Cemetery, Culver City
Occupations
  • Actress
  • television host
Years active1916–1994
Known for
Spouses
  • ​
    ​
    (m. 1930; ann. 1931)​
  • Tom Lewis
    ​
    ​
    (m. 1940; div. 1969)​
  • ​
    ​
    (m. 1993; died 1997)​
Children
Relatives

Loretta Young (born Gretchen Michaela Young; January 6, 1913 – August 12, 2000) was an American actress. Starting as a child, she had a long and varied career in film from 1916 to 1989. She received numerous honors including an Academy Award, two Golden Globe Awards, and three Primetime Emmy Awards, as well as two stars on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for her work in film and television.

She won the Academy Award for Best Actress for her role in the film The Farmer's Daughter (1947) and received her second Academy Award nomination for her role in Come to the Stable (1949). She also starred in films such as Born to Be Bad (1934), Call of the Wild (1935), The Crusades (1935), Eternally Yours (1939), The Stranger (1946), The Bishop's Wife (1947), and Key to the City (1950).

Young moved to the relatively new medium of television, where she had a dramatic anthology series, The Loretta Young Show, from 1953 to 1961. It earned three Primetime Emmy Awards, and was rerun successfully on daytime TV and later in syndication. She also starred in The New Loretta Young Show from 1962 to 1963. Young returned to the small screen in the 1980s starring in two NBC television movies, Christmas Eve (1986), for which she won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Miniseries or Television Film, and Lady in a Corner (1989).

Early life and education

[edit]
Polly Ann Young (1935)

Young was born Gretchen Michaela Young on January 6, 1913, in Salt Lake City, Utah, the daughter of Gladys (née Royal) and John Earle Young.[1][2] She was of Luxembourgish descent.[3] When she was two years old, her parents separated. A year later, her mother moved the family to Hollywood. A priest helped Gladys establish a boarding house to generate income. Gladys' brother-in-law helped Gretchen and her sisters get small parts in silent films for income.[4]

Around 1925, Gladys met Ida Botiller Lindley, a very wealthy widow. Ida had no children, but wanted to carry on her husband's name. To do so, she proposed adopting Gretchen's younger brother John Royal Young (1914–1997), educating him to be a lawyer like her late husband. Her brother thus became John Royal Young Lindley (later John R. Lindley), and he became a lawyer. As a result, though, he did not remain in close contact with his sisters.[4]

Gretchen and her sisters, Polly Ann and Elizabeth Jane (better known as Sally Blane), all worked as child actresses, but of the three, Gretchen was the most successful. Polly Ann Young, Sally Blane, and John R. Lindley all died in their 80s in 1997. John R. Lindley's son, David, became a well-known multi-instrumentalist rock musician.[5]

Career

[edit]
Young and Lon Chaney in the film Laugh, Clown, Laugh (1928)
Young in 1930
Young and David Niven in the film Eternally Yours (1939)

1916–1939: Film

[edit]

Young's first role was at the age of just three (although uncredited) in the silent film Sweet Kitty Bellairs (1916). During her high-school years, she was educated at Ramona Convent Secondary School in Alhambra, California. She was signed to a contract by John McCormick, husband and manager of actress Colleen Moore, who saw the young girl's potential. Moore gave her the name Loretta, explaining that it was the name of her favorite doll.[4]

Young and Orson Welles in the film The Stranger (1946)

Young was billed as Gretchen Young in the silent film Sirens of the Sea (1917). She first appeared as Loretta Young in 1928, in the First National Pictures film The Whip Woman. That same year, she co-starred with Lon Chaney in the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM) film Laugh, Clown, Laugh. The next year, she was named one of the WAMPAS Baby Stars.[6] In 1930, when Young was 17, she eloped with 26-year-old actor Grant Withers; they were married in Yuma, Arizona. The marriage was annulled the next year, just as their second movie together for First National (entitled Too Young to Marry) was released.

In 1931, Young costarred with Jean Harlow and Robert Williams in his final role in the Columbia Pictures release, Platinum Blonde. In 1934, she co-starred with Cary Grant in the pre-Code drama Born to be Bad, released by Twentieth Century Pictures. This film was rejected by the Hays Office, which enforced film morality, twice before it was finally approved. The next year, Young starred opposite Clark Gable and Jack Oakie in the 1935 film adaptation of Jack London's action-adventure novel The Call of the Wild, directed by William Wellman for Twentieth Century. Also in 1935, she portrayed Berengaria, Princess of Navarre in the Cecil B. DeMille-directed historical epic The Crusades (1935) for Paramount Pictures. The film premiered at the Venice Film Festival in Venice, Italy, where it received an award for Best Foreign Film.

The following year, Young starred as Lady Helen Dudley Dearden in the MGM picture The Unguarded Hour (1936). The film was directed by Sam Wood and was based on the 1935 play of the same name by Bernard Merivale. In 1938, she played Countess Eugenie de Montijo in the romantic drama Suez, starring opposite Tyrone Power. The film was directed by Allan Dwan and produced by Darryl F. Zanuck.

1940–1952: Career breakthrough

[edit]

During World War II, Young made Ladies Courageous (1944; reissued as Fury in the Sky) for Universal Pictures. The film was the fictionalized story of the Women's Auxiliary Ferrying Squadron. The plot depicted a unit of female pilots who flew bomber planes from the factories to their final destinations. Young made as many as eight movies a year, and her films in the 1940s were among the best regarded and most memorable of her career.

In 1946, Young made The Stranger, distributed by RKO Radio Pictures. She protrayeda small-town American woman who unknowingly marries a Nazi war criminal (Orson Welles) who later tries to kill her. Welles recalled that the film's producer ordered a close-up of Young during a pivotal scene, a choice that Welles, the director, considered "fatal" to the scene's impact. Young took Welles' side, even getting her agent on the phone to support them. "Imagine getting a star's agent in to ensure that she wouldn't get a closeup!", Welles later said. "She was wonderful."[7] Critic Richard L. Coe of The Washington Post noted in his movie review,

"The languorous Miss Young has the toughest assignment, being called on to shift from the starry-eyed bride of the early reels to the woman who must know in her heart that her husband is one of the most hated of men."[8]

In 1947, Young won the Academy Award for Best Actress for her performance in The Farmer's Daughter, a political comedy from RKO that required her to learn a Swedish accent. Ruth Roberts, who had coached Ingrid Bergman on how to lose her Swedish accent, taught Young how to gain one.[9] That same year, Young co-starred with Cary Grant and David Niven in the romantic comedy by RKO, The Bishop's Wife.[10] In 1949, she received another Academy Award nomination for her role as Sister Margaret in the 20th Century Fox comedy drama Come to the Stable.

Young reunited in 1950 with Gable for the romantic comedy Key to the City. The next year, Young starred in the MGM melodrama Cause for Alarm! (1951) and the 20th Century Fox comedy Half Angel (1951). These were followed by Columbia Pictures' film noir release, Paula (1952). Also in 1952, she starred in the romance drama Because of You from Universal Pictures. In 1953, Young acted in her final theatrical film, It Happens Every Thursday. It was a comedy from Universal about a New York couple who move to California to take over a struggling weekly newspaper; her co-star was John Forsythe.

Young in the trailer for Cause for Alarm! (1951)

1953–1961: The Loretta Young Show

[edit]

Starting in 1953, Young hosted and acted in the half-hour anthology television series Letter to Loretta (later retitled as The Loretta Young Show) on the National Broadcasting Corporation (NBC). She earned three Primetime Emmy Awards and a Golden Globe Award for the program. Her trademark introduction of each episode showed her walking onto a living room set wearing a high-fashion evening gown. At the conclusion of the episode, she returned to offer a brief Bible passage or a famous quote that reflected upon the evening's story. In her contract, Young stipulated that the introductions and concluding remarks of each episode be cut for reruns. Her reason was that she did not want the gowns to date the episodes.

The Loretta Young Show was originally based on the premise that each drama answered a question from Young's fan mail. The program title was changed to The Loretta Young Show during season one (as of the episode of February 14, 1954). The "letter" concept was dropped from the series at the end of season two. Toward the end of season two, Young was hospitalized as a result of overwork. The network then replaced her with guest hosts and guest stars; Young's first appearance in the 1955–1956 season was for the Christmas show. For the remaining seasons, Young acted in half the episodes and hosted the remainder. The Loretta Young Show ran in prime time for eight years, the longest-running primetime network program hosted by a woman up to that time.[11]

After The Loretta Young Show ended it first run, NBC repackaged it for daytime viewing as the Loretta Young Theatre from 1960 to 1964. As per the contract, the introductions and final remarks were deleted. The series also appeared in syndication into the early 1970s, before being withdrawn. In 1972, a jury in Los Angeles awarded Young $550,000 in a lawsuit against NBC for breach of contract. Filed in 1966, the suit contended that NBC had allowed foreign television outlets to rerun episodes without cutting the introductions. Young testified that showing her in "outdated gowns" had damaged her image. She had sought damages of $1.9 million.[12]

1986–1994: Final roles

[edit]

Young came out of retirement to star in the NBC television film Christmas Eve (1986). The story revolves around an elderly woman, played by Young, who befriends the homeless and volunteers time with children. They learn that she has a terminal illness and desperately wants to reunite her three grown grandchildren before she dies. Young starred in Christmas Eve with Trevor Howard and Ron Leibman, all three of whom received Golden Globe Award nominations. Young won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Miniseries or Television Film.

Young then starred in her final role, another NBC television film, Lady in a Corner (1989). She portrayed the editor-in-chief of a high-fashion magazine. Her co-stars were Brian Keith, Roscoe Lee Brown, and Bruce Davison. For her performance, Young received another Golden Globe Award nomination in the same category, but lost to Christine Lahti.

Personal life

[edit]

Marriages

[edit]
Young in 1938

Young was married three times. Her first marriage was an elopement with actor Grant Withers in 1930. This action fractured her family as Withers was non-Catholic. Young soon grew disillusioned with Withers and had the marriage annulled the following year.[13] She then reconciled with her family.

From September 1933 to June 1934, she had a well-publicized affair with actor Spencer Tracy, her co-star in Man's Castle.[14] Tracy, also a Catholic, was separated from his wife Louise Tracy, but would not contemplate a divorce. In 1940, Young married producer Tom Lewis. They divorced in 1969.

In 1993, Young married for the third and final time to fashion designer Jean Louis. Their marriage lasted until his death in April 1997. Young was godmother to Marlo Thomas (daughter of TV star Danny Thomas).[15]

Children

[edit]
Judith Lewis (1961)
Clark Gable (1938)

Young had three children. She and Tom Lewis had two sons: Christopher Lewis, born in 1944, and Peter Lewis, born in 1945.

Young's only daughter was Judith Lewis, the daughter of Clark Gable, born in 1935. Young and Gable were the lead actors of the 1935 Twentieth Century Pictures film The Call of the Wild. Young was then 22 and Gable was 34. She was single and he was married to Maria "Ria" Langham.[16]According to on-location reports, both Gable and Young were flirting with each other. Young herself felt that "you fell a bit in love with your co-stars." Young's biography stated that she was "wildly infatuated" with Gable.[17]

Nothing happened between Gable and Young until they took an overnight train trip together. During the night, Gable visited Young in her separate sleeping compartment. According to Young, this was the only time that they had sex.[18]

Young did not want her pregnancy to damage her or Gable's careers. She also knew that if Twentieth Century found out, they would pressure her to have an abortion. She believed abortion to be a mortal sin and would not consent to it. To avoid this scenario, Young, her sisters and their mother devised a plan; they would conceal the pregnancy by sending Young away, hide the baby after the birth and then pretend to adopt them.[18]

When Young's pregnancy began to show a baby bump, she announced a "vacation" to England. After returning to California months later, she gave an interview from her bed, covered in blankets to hide her pregnancy. During the interview, she stated that her long work absence was due to a condition she had had since childhood.

Young secretly gave birth to Judith on November 6, 1935, in Venice, California. Young named her after St. Jude because he was the patron saint of difficult situations.[18]After Judith was born, a family member sent a telegram to Gable informing him that his baby was well, "blonde and beautiful."[19]Young's mother had told Gable that her daughter was pregnant.[19]

Weeks after Judith's birth, Young placed her in an orphanage. Judith spent the next 19 months in various "hideaways and orphanages" before being reunited with her mother. Young then publicly announced that she had adopted a baby named Judith. After Young married Tom Lewis in 1940, Judith took Lewis as her last name.[20]

Young and Gable starred in the film Key to the City in 1950. During its production, Gable visited the Lewis household and met 15-year-old Judith for the first and last time.[21] As Judith grew older, she started showing a strong resemblance to Gable;[22] her true parentage was widely rumored in entertainment circles. Young refused to confirm or comment publicly on the rumors.

When Judith was age 31 in 1966, she confronted Young about her parentage.[20] Young finally admitted that she and Gable were her birth parents, telling her that she was "a walking mortal sin."[23] In 1999, Joan Wester Anderson wrote Young's authorized biography. In interviews for the book, Young confirmed that she and Gable were Judith's parents.[17] Anderson agreed to hold the biography for publication until after Young's death.[20]

In 2015, Linda Lewis, the wife of Christopher Lewis, stated that the 85-year-old Young had told her in 1998 that she was a victim of date rape.[18] Lewis claimed that Young learned about "date rape" from watching the Larry King Live show. Young said that she previously believed it was a woman's obligation to fend off a man's sexual advances. She had previously perceived her failure to stop Gable as her moral failing. Linda Lewis said that the family chose not to reveal this story until after Judith died in 2011.[18]

Politics

[edit]

Young was a lifelong member of the Republican Party.[24] In 1952, she appeared in radio, print, and magazine ads in support of General Dwight D. Eisenhower in his campaign for US president. After he won the election, she attended his 1953 inauguration ceremony in Washington D.C.. She was a vocal supporter of Vice President Richard Nixon and California Governor Ronald Reagan in their successful presidential campaigns in 1968 and 1980, respectively.[24] Young was also an active member of the Hollywood Republican Committee.[25]

Charity

[edit]

After retiring from television, Young devoted herself to volunteer work for charities and churches.[26] She was a member of the Church of the Good Shepherd in Beverly Hills, and the Catholic Motion Picture Guild.[27] A devout Catholic,[28] she worked with various Catholic charities.[29][30]

Other

[edit]

A tobacco smoker since age eight,[31] Young quit the habit in the mid-1980s, gaining 10 pounds (4.5 kg).[32]Young kept a 4 ft (1.2 m)-tall silver crucifix in her home, bought in Mexico in the 1940s.[32]

Illness and death

[edit]

Young died of ovarian cancer on August 12, 2000, at the home of her maternal half-sister, Georgiana Young[33] (the wife of actor Ricardo Montalbán) in Los Angeles, California.[34][35] She was interred in the family plot in Holy Cross Cemetery in Culver City, California. Her ashes were buried in the grave of her mother, Gladys Belzer.[36]

Filmography

[edit]

Film

[edit]
Year Title Role Notes
1916 Sweet Kitty Bellairs unknown Lost; uncredited
1917 The Primrose Ring Fairy Lost; uncredited
1917 Sirens of the Sea Child As Gretchen Young
1919 The Only Way Child on operating table
1921 White and Unmarried Child Uncredited
1921 The Sheik Arab child Extant; uncredited
1927 Naughty But Nice Bit part Extant; uncredited
1927 Her Wild Oat Bit by ping pong table Extant; uncredited
1927 Orchids and Ermine unknown Extant; uncredited
1928 The Whip Woman The Girl Lost
1928 Laugh, Clown, Laugh Simonetta Extant; made at MGM
1928 The Magnificent Flirt Denise Laverne Lost; made at Paramount Pictures
1928 The Head Man Carol Watts Lost
1928 Scarlet Seas Margaret Barbour Extant (Vitaphone track of music and effects survives).
Picture elements discovered at Cineteca Italiana, Milan
1929 Seven Footprints to Satan One of Satan's victims Extant; uncredited
1929 The Squall Irma Extant, in Library of Congress
1929 The Girl in the Glass Cage Gladys Cosgrove Lost
1929 Fast Life Patricia Mason Stratton Lost (Vitaphone soundtrack discs at UCLA Film and Television)
1929 The Careless Age Muriel Lost
1929 The Forward Pass Patricia Carlyle Lost
1929 The Show of Shows "Meet My Sister" number Extant, in Library of Congress
1930 Loose Ankles Ann Harper Berry Extant, in Library of Congress
1930 The Man from Blankley's Margery Seaton Lost (Vitaphone soundtrack discs at UCLA Film and Television)
1930 Showgirl in Hollywood Extant, in Library of Congress; uncredited
1930 The Second Floor Mystery Marion Ferguson Extant, in Library of Congress
1930 Road to Paradise Mary Brennan/Margaret Waring Extant, in Library of Congress
1930 Warner Bros. Jubilee Dinner Herself Short subject
1930 Kismet Marsinah Lost (Vitaphone soundtrack discs at UCLA Film and Television)
1930 War Nurse Nurse Extant; made at MGM; uncredited (Young's scenes deleted)
1930 The Truth About Youth Phyllis Ericson Extant, in Library of Congress
1930 The Devil to Pay! Dorothy Hope Extant; produced by Samuel Goldwyn;
released by United Artists
1931 How I Play Golf, by Bobby Jones No. 8: "The Brassie" Herself Short subject
1931 Beau Ideal Isobel Brandon Extant; made at RKO
1931 The Right of Way Rosalie Evantural Extant, in Library of Congress
1931 The Stolen Jools Herself Short subject
1931 Three Girls Lost Norene McMann Extant
1931 Too Young to Marry Elaine Bumpstead Extant, in Library of Congress
1931 Big Business Girl Claie "Mac" McIntyre Extant, in Library of Congress
1931 I Like Your Nerve Diane Forsythe Extant, in Library of Congress
1931 The Ruling Voice Gloria Bannister Extant, in Library of Congress
1931 Platinum Blonde Gallagher
1932 Taxi! Sue Riley Nolan Extant, in Library of Congress
1932 The Hatchet Man Sun Toya San Extant, in Library of Congress;
original title The Honorable Mr. Wong
1932 Play Girl Buster "Bus" Green Dennis Extant, in Library of Congress
1932 Week-End Marriage Lola Davis Hayes Extant, in Library of Congress
1932 Life Begins Grace Sutton Extant, in Library of Congress
1932 They Call It Sin Marion Cullen Extant, in Library of Congress[37]
1933 Employees' Entrance Madeleine Walters West Extant, in Library of Congress
1933 Grand Slam Marcia Stanislavsky Extant, in Library of Congress
1933 Zoo in Budapest Eve Extant
1933 The Life of Jimmy Dolan Peggy Extant, in Library of Congress
1933 Heroes for Sale Ruth Loring Holmes Extant, in Library of Congress
1933 Midnight Mary Mary Martin
1933 She Had to Say Yes Florence "Flo" Denny Extant, in Library of Congress
1933 The Devil's in Love Margot Lesesne Extant
1933 Man's Castle Trina Extant
1934 The House of Rothschild Julie Rothschild
1934 Born to Be Bad Letty Strong
1934 Bulldog Drummond Strikes Back Lola Field
1934 Caravan Countess Wilma
1934 The White Parade June Arden
1935 Clive of India Margaret Maskelyne Clive
1935 Shanghai Barbara Howard
1935 The Call of the Wild Claire Blake
1935 The Crusades Berengaria, Princess of Navarre
1935 Hollywood Extra Girl Herself Short subject
1936 The Unguarded Hour Lady Helen Dudley Dearden
1936 Private Number Ellen Neal
1936 Ramona Ramona
1936 Ladies in Love Susie Schmidt
1937 Love Is News Toni Gateson
1937 Café Metropole Laura Ridgeway
1937 Love Under Fire Myra Cooper
1937 Wife, Doctor and Nurse Ina Heath Lewis
1937 Second Honeymoon Vicky
1938 Four Men and a Prayer Miss Lynn Cherrington
1938 Three Blind Mice Pamela Charters
1938 Suez Countess Eugenie de Montijo
1938 Kentucky Sally Goodwin
1939 Wife, Husband and Friend Doris Borland
1939 The Story of Alexander Graham Bell Mrs. Mabel Hubbard Bell
1939 Eternally Yours Anita
1940 The Doctor Takes a Wife June Cameron
1940 He Stayed for Breakfast Marianna Duval
1941 The Lady from Cheyenne Annie Morgan
1941 The Men in Her Life Lina Varsavina
1941 Bedtime Story Jane Drake
1942 A Night to Remember Nancy Troy
1943 China Carolyn Grant
1943 Show Business at War Herself Short subject
1944 Ladies Courageous Roberta Harper biopic of the WWII WASPs, pioneering women pilots
1944 And Now Tomorrow Emily Blair
1945 Along Came Jones Cherry de Longpre
1946 The Stranger Mary Longstreet
1947 The Perfect Marriage Maggie Williams
1947 The Farmer's Daughter Katrin "Katy" Holstrum Academy Award for Best Actress
1947 The Bishop's Wife Julia Brougham
1948 Rachel and the Stranger Rachel Harvey
1949 The Accused Dr. Wilma Tuttle
1949 Mother Is a Freshman Abigail Fortitude Abbott
1949 Come to the Stable Sister Margaret Nominated – Academy Award for Best Actress
1950 Key to the City Clarissa Standish
1951 You Can Change the World Herself Short subject
1951 Cause for Alarm Ellen Jones
1951 Half Angel Nora Gilpin
1951 Screen Snapshots: Hollywood Awards Herself Short subject
1952 Paula Paula Rogers
1952 Because of You Christine Carroll Kimberly
1953 It Happens Every Thursday Jane MacAvoy

Television

[edit]
Year Title Role Notes
1953–1961The Loretta Young ShowSelf - Host162 episodes; 8 seasons
1962–1963The New Loretta Young ShowChristine Massey26 episodes; 1 season
1986 Christmas Eve Amanda Kingsley TV movie
1989 Lady in a Corner Grace Guthrie TV movie
1994 Life Along the Mississippi Narrator Voice; TV documentary

Radio

[edit]
YearProgramEpisode/source
1936Lux Radio Theatre""Polly Of The Circus"[38][39]
1940The Campbell Playhouse"Theodora Goes Wild"[40][41]
1943Lux Radio Theatre"The Philadelphia Story"
1945Cavalcade of America"Children, This Is Your Father"[40]
1947Family Theater"Flight from Home"[40]
1950Suspense"Lady Killer"[40]
1952Lux Radio Theatre"Come to the Stable"[42]
1952Family Theater"Heritage of Home"[43]
1953Family Theater"The Longest Hour"[44]

Awards and nominations

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Year Award Category Nominated work Results Ref.
1947 Academy Awards Best Actress The Farmer's Daughter Won [45]
1949 Come to the Stable Nominated [46]
1950 Golden Apple Awards Most Cooperative Actress N/a Won
1958 Golden Globe Awards Television Achievement The Loretta Young Show Won [47]
1986 Best Actress in a Miniseries or Motion Picture Made for Television Christmas Eve Won
1989 Lady in the Corner Nominated
2020 Online Film & Television Association Awards Television Hall of Fame: Actors N/a Inducted [48]
1954 Primetime Emmy Awards Best Female Star of a Regular Series Letter to Loretta Nominated [49]
1955 Best Actress Starring in a Regular Series The Loretta Young Show Won
1956 Best Actress in a Single Performance Nominated
1957 Best Continuing Performance by an Actress in a Dramatic Series Won
1958 Best Continuing Performance (Female) in a Series by a Comedienne, Singer, Hostess,
Dancer, M.C., Announcer, Narrator, Panelist, or any Person who Essentially Plays Herself		 Nominated
1959 Best Actress in a Leading Role (Continuing Character) in a Dramatic Series Won
1960 Outstanding Performance by an Actress in a Series (Lead or Support) Nominated
1961 Outstanding Performance by an Actress in a Series (Lead) Nominated
1988 Women in Film Crystal + Lucy Awards Crystal Award for Advocacy Retrospective N/a Won [50]

See also

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References

[edit]
  1. ↑ Sarvady 2006.
  2. ↑ Spicer 2002, p. 113.
  3. ↑ "Luxembourgers in America (European Reading Room, Library of Congress)". Library of Congress.
  4. 1 2 3 Loretta Young Biography. Vol. Encyclopedia of World Biography. Gale. November 2, 2010. Retrieved December 5, 2021 – via BookRrags.
  5. ↑ Forte, Dan (March 8, 2023). "David Lindley: 1944—2023". PremierGuitar. Retrieved December 27, 2023.
  6. ↑ Lowe 2005, p. 67, https://archive.org/details/isbn_9790874369709_b7n2/page/67.
  7. ↑ Welles 1992.
  8. ↑ Coe, Richard (October 10, 1946). "Welles Does Well by Orson in 'Stranger'". The Washington Post.
  9. ↑ "Biography, "Loretta Young"".
  10. ↑ "27 Classic Christmas Movies to Watch Now". December 21, 2017.
  11. ↑ "Loretta Young Show, The". Television Academy Interviews. October 22, 2017. Retrieved February 21, 2021.
  12. ↑ "Loretta Young Wins $559,000 Damages". Oakland Tribune. January 18, 1972. p. 12.
  13. ↑ "From the Archives: Loretta Young Dies; Elegant Film, TV Star". Los Angeles Times. August 13, 2000. Retrieved February 21, 2021.
  14. ↑ Curtis (2011), p. 210 for the beginning of the affair, pp. 213 and 215 for the public nature of the relationship, p. 235 for the break-up.
  15. ↑ Thomas, Marlo. "Loretta Young – (Movie Promo)". Turner Classic Movies. Retrieved September 30, 2015.
  16. ↑ Downey, Sally A. (November 30, 2011). "Judy Lewis, daughter of Loretta Young and Clark Gable, dies". The Philadelphia Inquirer. Retrieved November 10, 2019.
  17. 1 2 Anderson 2000, p. 87.
  18. 1 2 3 4 5 Petersen, Anne Helen (July 12, 2015). "Clark Gable Accused of Raping Co-Star". BuzzFeed. Archived from the original on June 5, 2026. Retrieved November 10, 2019.
  19. 1 2 Anderson 2000, pp. 88–89.
  20. 1 2 3 Vitello, Paul (November 30, 2011). "Judy Lewis, Secret Daughter of Hollywood, Dies at 76". The New York Times. Retrieved November 9, 2019.
  21. ↑ Woo, Elaine (December 1, 2011). "Judy Lewis, daughter of Loretta Young and Clark Gable, dies at 76". The Washington Post.
  22. ↑ Shelden, Michael (April 26, 2011). "Hollywood's little secret". The Daily Telegraph. London. Archived from the original on January 11, 2022. Retrieved November 10, 2019.
  23. ↑ Interview with Judy Lewis. Girl 27 (documentary), 2007.
  24. 1 2 Dick 2011, pp. 197–202.
  25. ↑ Morella & Epstein 1986, pp. 215–216.
  26. ↑ "Classic Hollywood 101: The BFF's of Classic Hollywood". Classichollywood101.blogspot.com. July 9, 2010. Retrieved September 30, 2015.
  27. ↑ "Our History". Church of the Good Shepherd. Retrieved September 30, 2015.
  28. ↑ Davis 2012, p. 47.
  29. ↑ Laufenberg 2005, p. 863.
  30. ↑ Lowe 2005, p. 585, https://archive.org/details/isbn_9790874369709_b7n2/page/585.
  31. ↑ Kobal 1985, pp. 385–ff.
  32. 1 2 Williams, Lena (March 30, 1995). "At Home With: Loretta Young; Life Waltzes On". The New York Times. Archived from the original on April 9, 2025. Retrieved November 9, 2019.
  33. ↑ "Elegant Beauty Loretta Young Dies". BBC News. August 12, 2000. Retrieved May 2, 2010.
  34. ↑ Williams, Lena (August 13, 2000). "Loretta Young, Glamorous Leading Lady of Film and Television, Dies at 88". New York Times.
  35. ↑ "Oscar Winner Loretta Young Dies at 87". Washington Post. August 12, 2000.
  36. ↑ Wayne, Gary. "Holy Cross Cemetery, Part 2: Stars' Graves". Seeing Stars: Final Resting Places of the Stars. Retrieved September 30, 2015.
  37. ↑ They Call It Sin at the AFI Catalog of Feature Films
  38. ↑ "pPolly of the circus". Archived from the original on November 27, 2020. Retrieved November 17, 2020.
  39. ↑ "Lux Radio Theatre". Old Radio World.com. Retrieved December 5, 2021.
  40. 1 2 3 4 "Those Were the Days". Nostalgia Digest. Vol. 39, no. 1. Winter 2013. pp. 32–41.
  41. ↑ "The Campbell Playhouse: Theodora Goes Wild". Orson Welles on the Air, 1938–1946. Indiana University Bloomington. January 14, 1940. Retrieved July 29, 2018.
  42. ↑ Kirby, Walter (March 23, 1952). "Better Radio Programs for the Week". Decatur Daily Review. p. 44. Retrieved May 21, 2015 – via Newspapers.com.
  43. ↑ Kirby, Walter (February 17, 1952). "Better Radio Programs for the Week". Decatur Daily Review. p. 40. Retrieved June 1, 2015 – via Newspapers.com.
  44. ↑ "Family Theater .. Episodic log".
  45. ↑ "The 20th Academy Awards (1948) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on July 6, 2011. Retrieved August 18, 2011.
  46. ↑ "The 22nd Academy Awards (1950) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on July 6, 2011. Retrieved August 18, 2011.
  47. ↑ "Loretta Young". Golden Globe Awards. Archived from the original on January 14, 2026. Retrieved December 20, 2024.
  48. ↑ "Television Hall of Fame: Actors". Online Film & Television Association. Archived from the original on February 7, 2026. Retrieved December 25, 2024.
  49. ↑ "Loretta Young". Academy of Television Arts & Sciences. Archived from the original on June 16, 2026. Retrieved December 25, 2024.
  50. ↑ "WIF Awards Retrospective". Women in Film Crystal + Lucy Awards. August 2020. Archived from the original on February 17, 2026. Retrieved December 25, 2024.
  51. ↑ "Walk of Fame Stars: Loretta Young". Hollywood Chamber of Commerce. Archived from the original on April 3, 2016. Retrieved October 13, 2016.
  52. ↑ "Palm Springs Walk of Stars by Date Dedicated" (PDF). Palm Springs Walk of Stars. Archived from the original on October 13, 2012. Retrieved September 30, 2015.

Bibliography

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Further reading

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