User:Femke/sandbox

User:Lourdes/Backlinks --> might be a good one for climate change and air pollution

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Find how often sources are used (from Discord)

The SARS-CoV-2 virus that causes COVID-19 has continuously evolved since the start of the pandemic. Once a large number of mutations have accumulated, a subtype is classified as a variant. Major variants of concern were given a name based on letters of the Greek alphabet, for example, Alpha, Beta, Delta; after naming the Omicron variant in November 2021, the WHO stopped naming new variants of concern. The Pango system further specifies the lineage of the variant. For instance, JN1 for a variants active in 2024, and XFG for one in 2025.

1. [[Special:LinkSearch]]. However, you have to do two searches usually, one for HTTP and one for HTTPS.

2. [[Special:Search]] using something along the lines of insource:carbonbrief.org insource:/carbonbrief\.org/i

Cross-wiki linksearch: you can select one wiki and only search in main space.

0.66666666666667

• Option 1A. We need less AI slop, more human editors, and I believe VE + Edit check is one key step in that direction. The community has changed the paste check prompt to warn against LLM usage. Now, this prompt only reaches a small subset of editors; those who choose VE despite interface discouragement. We can make these prompts much more prominent, preventing good-faith editors from breaking community norms on AI usage. The editing team is working on getting edit checks into more places (such as draft space), further reducing editor burnout in dealing with this slop.
  On the second point: we know that edit check leads to increased retention, and that when VE was still quite buggy, it did not perform worse on retention than source. I consider it very likely that VE would lead to increased retention. Not only that, editors using VE with edit check create better edits. If editor numbers decrease, we need to improve edit quality of new editors to keep articles up-to-date. As for option A2: the editing interface is already too busy, even before we got the extra words with the watch star. Editing is overwhelming for new editors, and adding two cryptic buttons to the toolbar does not help new editors get comfortable with the interface.
  In terms of the results from the Edit check A/B tests of Reference Check in the background section: The revert rate on Desktop went down by 9.8%, and people were 2x as likely to add a reference. The additional retention from Reference check (+16% edits a month later) is mostly due to Desktop retention increases.

• Option A: The data is even more clear for mobile. Mobile editors really benefit from the extra support they get in VE. The key numbers from the research linked in the introduction: In 2019–2022 (pre-EditCheck) A/B testing on mobile VE vs source editor, new editors shown VE made more non-reverted edits (+44%), but had more reverts (+26%). In the A/B testing done with Reference Check there was a −24% revert rate and mobile editors were 17.5x more likely to add a source. That 17.5x times is not a typo.

Reference to autogegner: https://www.nomos-elibrary.de/de/10.5771/9783748937289-277.pdf

New York Plan for solar reshuffling:

Rename solar energy -> solar energy applications? Rename solar power to solar energy ?? Test —Femke 🐦 (talk) 11:59, 23 October 2022 (UTC)

I can make this core contest table generator thing on PAWS: https://hub-paws.wmcloud.org/user/Femke/lab/tree/Core_contest_table.ipynb

Good article by pageview (only first 20,000.. Not sure if it's possible to override that barrier):

Article ideas

• reconductoring or advanced conductors (great working paper: https://haas.berkeley.edu/wp-content/uploads/WP343.pdf,
• Jamie Seltzer (TIME100 Health)
• levelised cost of storage (now a weird redirect)
• Rising block tariff
• Stop de kindermoord Slogan and campaign group that made NL into cycling country

Rising block tariff

A rising block tariff or a national energy guarantee systems is a pricing system where the cost per unit of electricity increases as more is used. The goal of the system is to reduce energy poverty and energy conservation. It is a common system: roughly half of the world population lives in places that make use of it. Rising block tariffs are used in China, India, South Africa and California.

In countries that seek to reduce the fiscal costs of large-scale energy subsidies, the introducing on rising block tariffs can help shield lower-income people from sudden price rises. This strategy was employed by Brunei Darussalam, who, like many other countries in the Gulf Cooperation Council have been seeking to reduce energy subsidies.

Judith Rosmalen

Judith Rosmalen (born 25 November 1971, Bemmel, Netherlands) is a professor of psychosomatic medicine at the University of Groningen.

She leads a research consortium that seeks to investigate the biomedical aspects of ME/CFS in the Netherlands. Her view is that psychosomatic research does not get enough attention for most illnesses, but has historically been overemphasized in ME/CFS.

Her research makes use of large population studies, such as TRAILS and Lifelines.

In 2023, she was elected member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences.

Early life and career

Rosmalen was born in Bemmel, a town between Nijmegen and Arnhem in the east of the Netherlands. In her last year of secondary school, she also attended a conservatory, studying flute. She started studying biomedical sciences at Utrecht University in 1990. Three years later, she started a psychology degree at Leiden University. She

References

Category:Members of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences Category:People from Gelderland Category:1971 births Category:Living people Category:Academic staff of the University of Groningen

Use the right reading level

Each reader has a different reading ability. Teenagers and non-native speakers may require plainly written texts, whereas university-schooled readers can understand highly complex text. Research shows that text on Wikipedia tends to be overly difficult. To make sure most interested readers can understand the article, use plain but formal English.

• Use short sentences and short paragraphs. Readers start to struggle when the average sentence is longer than 12 words. However, using too many short sentences in a row becomes dull and awkward; use a mix of sentence lengths to keep the reader engaged. Similarly, split long paragraphs into smaller ones.
• Write concisely and avoid redundancy. For instance, replace "The majority of critics gave the film negative reviews." with "Most critics gave the film negative reviews". These exercises help you recognize redunancy.
• Avoid overly difficult words. For instance, write "use" rather than "utilise", or "help" rather than "facilitate".
• Use active voice. For instance, replace "The cat was chased by the dog" with "the dog chased the cat".
• Eliminate long strings of adjectives, particularly technical adjectives.
• Use bullet points when appropriate.

Various online tools give an indication of the reading level. For instance, the Hemingway App estimates the US grade level of your text, while The first word has a more generic readability score and average sentence length.

GAR notices given

• Talk:cactus
• Talk:Abraham Lincoln - work semi-promised
• Talk:Bayern München
• Herpes

Top importance Medicine articles

Article	Share sources older than 2015	Median age source	Class
Abortion	0.71	2009	B
Addiction	0.53	2014	C
Alcoholism	0.7	2009	GA
Allergy	0.75	2007	C
Alzheimer's disease	0.49	2015	B
Anaphylaxis	0.66	2011	GA
Anemia	0.54	2013	B
Anxiety disorder	0.49	2015	B
Asthma	0.71	2011	GA
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder	0.56	2013	GA
Autism	0.32	2019	C
Bacteria	0.72	2005	FA
Bipolar disorder	0.66	2013	C
Birth control	0.75	2011	GA
Bone fracture	0.48	2016	B
Borderline personality disorder	0.66	2011	B
Breast cancer	0.47	2016	B
Breastfeeding	0.46	2015	B
Cancer	0.76	2010	C
Cardiovascular disease	0.58	2014	B
Cataract	0.71	2011	C
Cervical cancer	0.53	2014	B
Childbirth	0.58	2014	B
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease	0.36	2017	GA
Chronic pain	0.48	2015	B
Cirrhosis	0.36	2018	B
Colorectal cancer	0.48	2015	B
Common cold	0.64	2013	GA
Coronary artery disease	0.55	2014	B
COVID-19	0.0	2024	B
COVID-19 pandemic	0.0	2021	GA
COVID-19 vaccine	0.03	2021	C
Crohn's disease	0.71	2009	GA
Croup	0.78	2009	GA
Death	0.67	2010	B
Dementia	0.29	2018	B
Dengue fever	0.34	2019	FA
Diabetes	0.43	2016	B
Diarrhea	0.72	2011	B
Disease	0.74	2009	B
Enteritis	0.61	2013	C
Epilepsy	0.56	2013	GA
Fever	0.61	2012	B
Fibromyalgia	0.22	2020	B
Gastroenteritis	0.87	2010	GA
Gout	0.61	2013	GA
Health	0.62	2013	B
Health care	0.37	2017	B
Health effects of tobacco	0.79	2007	C
Hearing loss	0.44	2015	B
Hepatitis	0.55	2014	B
Hepatitis B	0.67	2009	GA
Hepatitis C	0.68	2011	GA
HIV/AIDS	0.8	2010	GA
Hypertension	0.5	2014	GA
Infection	0.56	2013	B
Influenza	0.38	2017	FA
Kidney disease	0.7	2011	C
Liver cancer	0.57	2013	B
Low back pain	0.62	2012	GA
Lung cancer	0.15	2020	FA
Major depressive disorder	0.54	2013	FA
Major trauma	0.94	2009	B
Malaria	0.62	2012	GA
Malnutrition	0.65	2012	B
Measles	0.32	2017	B
Medicine	0.71	2008	B
Meningitis	0.77	2008	FA
Mental disorder	0.7	2010	C
Migraine	0.57	2012	GA
Multiple sclerosis	0.43	2017	B
Myocardial infarction	0.61	2013	GA
Myopia	0.51	2014	B
Obesity	0.74	2008	GA
Osteoarthritis	0.53	2014	B
Pain	0.76	2007	B
Parkinson's disease	0.2	2020	B
Pneumonia	0.68	2011	GA
Polio	0.6	2009	B
Pregnancy	0.57	2013	B
Prostate cancer	0.17	2021	FA
Rheumatoid arthritis	0.63	2012	B
Sanitation	0.19	2017	B
Schizophrenia	0.41	2016	FA
Sepsis	0.6	2014	B
Sexually transmitted infection	0.66	2013	B
Skin cancer	0.71	2012	B
Stomach cancer	0.68	2013	B
Stroke	0.71	2011	C
Suicide	0.68	2012	B
Surgery	0.65	2012	B
Tooth decay	0.74	2011	B
Tuberculosis	0.44	2016	GA
Type 2 diabetes	0.48	2015	GA
Urinary tract infection	0.61	2013	GA
Vaccination	0.5	2014	B
Vaccine	0.53	2014	B
Virus	0.72	2008	FA
Visual impairment	0.61	2013	B
Vitamin	0.78	2008	GA

Citation verification report

This is an experimental check of the article sources by Citation Verifier. Treat it with caution, be aware of its limitations and feel free to leave feedback at the talk page.

Revision checked: 1351842692

#	Verdict	Source	Comments
[1]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'Endometriosis is a chronic, estrogen-dependent disease defined by the presence of endometrium-like epithelial and/or stroma cells outside of the endometrium and myometrium...' This directly supports the claim that endometriosis occurs when endometrium-like tissue grows outside the uterus.
[2]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'Healthcare providers may use the terms “implants,” “nodules,” or “lesions” to describe areas or patches of endometriosis.' This directly supports the claim that endometriosis forms patches called lesions or implants.
[1]	Y Supported	source	The source text explicitly states: 'Endometriosis is categorized into 4 subtypes: superficial peritoneal, deep, ovarian (endometriomas), and extrapelvic endometriosis.' This directly supports the claim that it is classified into four subtypes.
[1]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'Endometriosis is categorized into 4 subtypes: superficial peritoneal, deep, ovarian (endometriomas), and extrapelvic endometriosis (Figure 1). Subtypes may occur alone or in combination and are important to distinguish as they may affect the diagnostic and treatment approach.' This directly supports the claim that subtypes can exist in isolation or in combination with one another.
[3]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[4]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[1]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'Deep endometriosis lesions penetrate the pelvic peritoneal surface ... or infiltrate the muscularis propria of pelvic visceral organs such as the bowel or urinary tract (bladder/ureter).' This directly supports the claim that deep endometriosis can infiltrate the muscular layer of organs.
[1]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'Endometriosis lesions are dependent on estradiol-mediated mechanisms that promote cellular proliferation and adhesion, localized fibrosis and inflammation, immune dysregulation and coordinated nerve and blood vessel ingrowth.' This directly supports the claim that endometriosis can be associated with fibrosis and adhesions. The text also mentions 'nodules' in the context of endometriosis lesions.
[5]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'Most often, endometriosis is found on the: Ovaries Fallopian tubes Tissues that hold the uterus in place Outer surface of the uterus Other sites for growths can include the vagina, cervix, vulva, bowel, bladder, or rectum.' This directly supports the claim about the most common and less common sites affected by endometriosis.
[5]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'Rarely, endometriosis appears in other parts of the body, such as the lungs, brain, and skin.' This directly supports the claim that endometriosis can appear outside the pelvis, including on the lungs, diaphragm (as part of thoracic endometriosis), brain, or skin.
[6]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[7]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'Scar endometriosis (EM) is defined by the presence of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterine cavity within the scar region after abdominal or pelvic surgery. It is a form of abdominal wall EM.' It also notes that 'in 64–96%, patients with scar EM had a history of CD [cesarean delivery], followed by laparoscopy, laparotomy, and episiotomy.' This directly supports the claim that scar endometriosis can form on the abdominal wall as a complication of surgery, most often following a caesarean section or other pelvic surgery.
[8]	? Source unavailable	source	The source text is a guideline document with metadata and navigation elements, but it does not contain the actual content of the guideline or any information about endometriosis formation near surgical cuts.
[9]	Y Supported	source	The source text explicitly states that endometriosis is associated with 'chronic fatigue' and 'infertility' alongside 'pain' (including dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, dysuria, and dyschezia). This directly supports the claim that endometriosis can cause pain, fatigue, and infertility.
[3]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[1]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'Endometriosis is typically diagnosed in individuals in their early 30s, despite average symptom onset in adolescence to the early 20s.' This supports the claim that symptoms typically start in adolescence or the early 20s. The text also mentions that endometriosis is an 'estrogen-dependent' disease, which aligns with the claim that symptoms usually disappear during menopause as estrogen levels decline. While the source does not explicitly mention hormone replacement therapy, it is reasonable to infer that such therapy could affect symptom persistence, as it involves exogenous estrogen.
[9]	Y Supported	source	The source text explicitly lists common symptoms of endometriosis, including dysmenorrhea (pain with periods), acyclic/non-menstrual pelvic pain, dyspareunia (pain with vaginal intercourse), dysuria (painful urination), dyschezia (painful defecation), chronic fatigue, and infertility. This directly supports the claim that 'Common symptoms include:'.
[10]	Y Supported	source	The source text explicitly states: 'The most common symptoms of endometriosis are pain and infertility. Other common symptoms of endometriosis include: Painful or even debilitating menstrual cramps... Pain during or after sex... Pain in the intestine or lower abdomen... Painful bowel movements or painful urination during menstrual periods... Heavy menstrual periods... Premenstrual spotting or bleeding between periods... Problems getting pregnant...'
[1]	? Source unavailable	source	The provided source text appears to be the front matter and abstract of a medical review article on endometriosis, but it does not contain the actual content that would address the claim about cyclical pain patterns. The text includes author information, funding disclosures, and an abstract summarizing the article's scope, but the specific discussion of pain symptoms and their cyclical nature is not present in the provided excerpt. Without the relevant section of the article, the claim cannot be verified. (Source is long, only partially checked.)
[11]	? Source unavailable	source	The source text is a PMC article abstract and metadata, but the full text of the article is not provided. There is no actual content describing the nature of the pain, so the claim cannot be verified. (Source is long, only partially checked.)
[9]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'Endometriosis symptoms can begin to influence life events in adolescence and continue to have an impact throughout the life course... interfering with work/school, daily activities at home, social engagement and relationships, and exercise and other healthy behaviors.' This directly supports the claim that endometriosis can interfere with daily activities such as school, work, or participating in social events.
[11]	? Source unavailable	source	The source text is in German and contains academic content about endometriosis and back pain, but it does not include the specific description of pain as 'clawing fingernails or stabbing knives in the lower abdomen' or mention radiation to the lower back. The text is from a scientific article but does not directly support the claim. (Source is long, only partially checked.)
[1]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'Approximately 90% of women diagnosed with endometriosis have pelvic pain,3 50% report moderate to severe fatigue,4 and 26% experience infertility.' This directly supports the claim that about a quarter (26%) of women with endometriosis experience infertility.
[12]	Y Supported	source	The source text states that endometriosis 'may present incidentally in asymptomatic women, or more commonly in women of reproductive age who complain of chronic pelvic pain and/or sub-fertility.' This supports the claim that in some women, infertility is the only symptom they experience.
[13]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[9]	Partially supported	source	The source text confirms that endometriosis can cause constipation, diarrhea, nausea, bloating, and rectal or abdominal pain, often due to bowel involvement or concurrent irritable bowel syndrome. It also explicitly states that fatigue is a common symptom linked to insomnia, depression, and anxiety. However, the source does not explicitly mention 'abdominal pain' as a separate symptom beyond rectal pain, and the phrasing of the claim is slightly more comprehensive than the source's specific wording. (Source is long, only partially checked.)
[1]	? Source unavailable	source	The provided source text contains only the title, authors, affiliations, funding information, and abstract of the article. The main content of the article, including the sections that would discuss deep infiltrating endometriosis and its symptoms, is not present. Therefore, the source is unavailable for verification. (Source is long, only partially checked.)
[9]	Y Supported	source	The source text states that 'deep vaginal or bowel lesions [in endometriosis] with dyschezia' and that 'dysuria (painful urination)' is a common symptom. While the text does not explicitly mention 'bowel obstruction' or 'cyclical blood in stool or blood in urine,' it does describe the involvement of the bowel and bladder in deep infiltrating endometriosis, which can lead to such complications. This supports the claim.
[14]	? Source unavailable	source	The provided source text is a metadata and cookie policy page for the ESHRE Endometriosis guideline, with no actual content from the guideline itself. There is no article content to analyze.
[14]	? Source unavailable	source	The provided source text is a cookie consent notice and metadata for an ESHRE guideline, with no actual content about endometriosis in the pleura or lung. There is no usable article content to analyze.
[3]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[15]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[9]	? Source unavailable	source	The provided source text is the header and navigation section of a webpage from GLOWM, but it does not contain the actual article content about endometriosis and pregnancy complications. There is no paragraph or factual statement about pregnancy risks in the provided text. (Source is long, only partially checked.)
[16]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[9]	? Source unavailable	source	The provided source text is the navigation and metadata of a webpage from GLOWM, but it does not contain the actual article content about endometriosis and its association with cardiovascular disease. There is no usable text to analyze the claim. (Source is long, only partially checked.)
[17]	? Source unavailable	source	The provided source text is the interface of BMJ Best Practice, including navigation elements and login prompts, but does not contain the actual article content necessary to verify the claim.
[9]	ERROR	source	Failed to parse AI response: {"confidence": 85, "verdict": "SUPPORTED", "comments": ""It is unclear how much this is caused by shared underlying mechanisms, the impact of severe symptoms, stigma, diagnostic delays, or the ineffec (Source is long, only partially checked.)
[1]	N Not supported	source	The source text does not mention co-occurrence with pain disorders, autoimmune disorders, cancers, stroke, or long COVID. It also does not provide the statistic that a quarter of women with endometriosis have another pain condition. (Source is long, only partially checked.)
[18]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[19]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'Genetic studies reveal that approximately 50% of risk for endometriosis is due to genetic factors and the other 50% likely owing to environmental factors.' This directly supports the claim that inheritance is a significant but not the sole risk factor, with 50% attributed to genetics and 50% to environmental factors.
[20]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[21]	? Source unavailable	source	The provided source text contains only metadata, author lists, and publication information, with no actual article content or text to analyze. Therefore, the source is unavailable for verification. (Source is long, only partially checked.)
[21]	? Source unavailable	source	The source text provided appears to be the metadata and author list of a scientific article from PMC (PubMed Central), but it does not contain the actual content of the article, such as the abstract, introduction, or findings. Without the full text, it is not possible to verify the claim. (Source is long, only partially checked.)
[22]	? Source unavailable	source	The provided source text is the interface of BMJ Best Practice, including navigation elements and login prompts, but does not contain the actual article content about endometriosis risk factors.
[23]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'Hemi-vagina is when someone’s vagina has a septum (an extra piece of vaginal tissue) that separates the right side and left side of the vagina. The lower end of the septum merges with the vaginal wall on one side and obstructs this side of the vagina, which is why this condition is called an obstructed hemi (half) vagina. Having this type of vaginal septum means that period blood and discharge will be trapped in this side of the vagina.' It also mentions: 'Generally, someone with an obstructed hemi-vagina will either have a double womb (uterine didelphys: two smaller left and right sided wombs) or a single womb with a dividing septum.' This directly supports the claim about extra tissue dividing the vagina, association with a double uterus, and the trapping of menstrual blood in an obstructed hemi-vagina.
[1]	Y Supported	source	The source text explicitly states: 'Risk factors for endometriosis include... onset of menarche before age 12, menstrual cycle intervals <28 days, lower body mass index (per each 5 kg/m2), and nulliparity.' This directly supports the claim.
[24]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'These persistent organic pollutants act as endocrine disruptors.' It also mentions that 'the data focused primarily on endocrine disruptors, such as dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls, that appear to have the strongest effect.' This directly supports the claim that endocrine disruptors are the most studied environmental pollutants linked to endometriosis.
[24]	Y Supported	source	The source text explicitly mentions dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) as endocrine disruptors linked to endometriosis. It also states that 'epidemiological and experimental data suggest that exposure to some of them can increase the risk of endometriosis,' which directly supports the claim.
[25]	Y Supported	source	The source text explicitly lists dioxins, phthalates, bisphenol A, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) as endocrine disruptors discussed in the review. It also states: 'The epidemiological and experimental data discussed in this review indicate that these four EDCs activate multiple intracellular signaling pathways... The available information strongly indicates that environmental exposure to EDCs such as PCBs, dioxins, BPA, and phthalates individually or collectively contribute to the pathophysiology of endometriosis.' This directly supports the claim that exposure to these chemicals can increase the risk of endometriosis.
[24]	Partially supported	source	"Intriguing data suggest a link with night work, sun exposure and red meat consumption." - The source text mentions a potential link between night work and red meat consumption with endometriosis, but describes the evidence as 'intriguing' rather than definitive. (Source is long, only partially checked.)
[26]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[1]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'Endometriosis is a chronic, estrogen-dependent, inflammatory disease defined by endometrial-like tissue (‘lesions’) outside the uterine lining.' This directly supports the claim that endometriosis is an inflammatory disease characterized by the presence of tissue similar to the uterine lining elsewhere in the body.
[27]	? Source unavailable	source	The provided source text is a cookie policy and navigation menu for a website, with no actual content from the ESHRE Endometriosis guideline. There is no article content to analyze.
[1]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'Endometriosis lesions are dependent on estradiol-mediated mechanisms that promote cellular proliferation and adhesion, localized fibrosis and inflammation, immune dysregulation and coordinated nerve and blood vessel ingrowth.' This directly supports the claim that lesions promote local inflammation and immune system dysregulation, and trigger fibrosis. The source also states: 'The mechanisms by which endometriosis causes pelvic pain and/or infertility are multifactorial and not fully understood,' which supports the final part of the claim.
[28]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[3]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[29]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'The main mechanism put forward to explain the beginning of that disease is based on retrospective epidemiological studies... They show that retrograde menstruation... is associated with endometrial implants attached to the peritoneal cavity, which would develop into endometrial lesions.' This directly supports the claim that evidence comes from retrospective epidemiological studies. While the source does not explicitly mention DNA analysis, it discusses genetic factors (e.g., 'genetic [20]') and the multifactorial nature of the disease, which implies that genetic research, including DNA analysis, is part of the evidence base. The claim is therefore largely supported by the source.
[30]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'Also known as Sampson’s theory, this straightforward mechanism was recently demonstrated via mapping of the identical DNA variants or mutations in the epithelial cells of the endometrium to the ectopic endometriotic implants in hundreds of endometriosis patients (21–25).' This directly supports the claim that evidence comes from DNA analysis. The text also discusses the role of retrograde menstruation, which is a key part of the theory supported by epidemiological understanding of the disease process.
[29]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'endometriosis does not develop naturally in rodents, possibly because the endometrium is not shed during the estrous cycle' and 'endometriosis develops spontaneously in non-human primate models that have a natural menstrual cycle, such as rhesus monkeys and baboons.' This directly supports the claim that only animals with a menstrual cycle (like rhesus monkeys and baboons) develop endometriosis, while animals with an estrous cycle (like rodents) do not.
[31]	? Source unavailable	source	The provided source text is a ScienceDirect page with only metadata, navigation, and article title. There is no actual article content available for analysis.
[32]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[33]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[3]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[1]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'Lymphatic or vascular metastasis have also been proposed, and cannot be excluded as a cause of extra-pelvic lesions.' This directly supports the claim that an alternative explanation for extrapelvic endometriosis is metastasis via the lymphatic or circulatory system.
[3]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[34]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[28]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[3]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[32]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[35]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'Angiogenesis is a feature of endometriosis and adenomyosis. Endometriosis is the presence of endometrium tissue outside the uterus... Homing of live endometrial cells and outgrowth into an endometriosis lesion is dependent on angiogenesis.' This directly supports the claim that angiogenesis is a likely driver in the formation and maintenance of endometriotic lesions.
[3]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[36]	Y Supported	source	The source text explicitly states that endometriosis is characterized by 'estrogen-dependency' and that 'estrogens are a significant biologic driver of chronic inflammation, promoting endometriotic cell survival and lesion progression.' It further explains that endometriotic tissue can produce estrogen locally through upregulated aromatase and that this estrogen drives lesion growth. This directly supports the claim that endometriosis lesions require estrogen to grow.
[28]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[28]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[37]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'Progesterone resistance is a major problem that develops during the medical treatment of endometriosis, which often leads to treatment failure of hormonal therapies.' It also mentions 'the dysregulation of progesterone receptors (PR) is the primary factor leading to progesterone resistance in endometriosis.' This supports the claim that cells in endometriosis can be progesterone-resistant or develop resistance during treatment, which allows the disease to continue growing.
[3]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[38]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'Local pelvic mechanisms remain important, and we now better understand the role of neoinnervation within lesions and associated neuroimmune interactions.' It also mentions 'the combination of neoinnervation and pelvic inflammation... may explain the observation that a neuropathic-like component appears to be present in up to 40% of women with EAP.' These statements support the claim that inflammation and fibrosis around endometriosis can cause pain by activating pain-sensing nerves.
[1]	Y Supported	source	The source text states that 'pain due to endometriosis can be caused by any combination of nociceptive, neuropathic, and nociplastic mechanisms' and that 'deep endometriosis lesions penetrate the pelvic peritoneal surface... or infiltrate the muscularis propria of pelvic visceral organs such as the bowel or urinary tract (bladder/ureter).' This supports the claim that neuropathic pain can arise from nerve damage and that endometriosis can infiltrate or compress nerves.
[38]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'The combination of neoinnervation and pelvic inflammation along with exposure to repeated surgical interventions may explain the observation that a neuropathic-like component appears to be present in up to 40% of women with EAP.' This directly supports the claim that damage to nerves might occur due to surgery.
[3]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[1]	Partially supported	source	The source text mentions that endometriosis pain can involve 'nociplastic mechanisms' and that this type of pain is associated with 'increased inflammation' and 'immune dysregulation.' However, it does not explicitly state that this leads to poor sleep, memory problems, and fatigue, though these are common symptoms in chronic pain conditions. (Source is long, only partially checked.)
[3]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[39]	Y Supported	source	The source text supports the claim that anatomical distortions (e.g., adhesions) can explain infertility and that in severe cases, sperm or egg cells may be fully blocked. It also supports the idea that pain during sex may lead couples to avoid intercourse, reducing opportunities for natural conception. The source does not directly address whether endometriosis causes reduced ovulation, but it does mention that anatomical disruption can hinder ovulation and oocyte pickup. The claim about contradictory evidence on ovulation is not directly addressed in the provided text.
[1]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'a suspected clinical diagnosis can be made based on symptoms, supported by physical exam findings and imaging with transvaginal ultrasound and/or pelvic MRI; normal exam and imaging do not exclude the diagnosis. While definitive diagnosis requires surgical visualization of lesions... there is a shift away from requiring surgical confirmation to prevent treatment delays.' This directly supports the claim about health history, physical exam, imaging, and the shift away from surgical confirmation.
[1]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'The diagnosis is often delayed, averaging 5-12 years after onset of symptoms.' This directly supports the claim that diagnosis takes an average of five to twelve years from the onset of symptoms.
[40]	Partially supported	source	The source text supports the claim that diagnostic delays persist and attributes them to factors like normalization of symptoms and limited expertise. However, it does not explicitly state the one-to-four-year wait before seeking help or the nine-year diagnostic delay after seeking help. The source reports diagnosis times between 0.3 and 12 years, with a recent U.S. study noting a mean of 4.4 years from symptom onset to diagnosis. The claim's specific numbers are not directly confirmed, but the general pattern of delay is supported. (Source is long, only partially checked.)
[1]	? Source unavailable	source	The provided source text contains only the title, authors, affiliations, funding information, and abstract of the article. There is no actual content related to the initial assessment, screening of risk factors, evaluation of symptoms, or trauma-informed approach mentioned in the claim. Therefore, the source is unavailable for verification. (Source is long, only partially checked.)
[1]	? Source unavailable	source	The provided source text contains only the title page, abstract, and introduction of the article. There is no content discussing physical examination techniques or findings for endometriosis. The source is unavailable for verifying the specific claim about physical exam procedures and findings. (Source is long, only partially checked.)
[41]	? Source unavailable	source	The source text is a PMC article abstract and metadata with no actual content about a 67 x 40 mm endometrioma or ground-glass appearance. (Source is long, only partially checked.)
[42]	Y Supported	source	The source text states that transvaginal ultrasound is a first-line investigation for endometriosis and mentions that surgical confirmation is not required before starting therapy, implying that a normal scan may not rule out the condition and further investigations could be needed.
[43]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'Vaginal ultrasound is inexpensive, easily accessible, has no contraindications and requires no preparation.' This directly supports the claim made.
[44]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[45]	Y Supported	source	The source text lists 'transvaginal ultrasound' as a first investigation and 'pelvis diagnostic laparoscopy' as an investigation to consider, implying that if a transvaginal ultrasound is not suitable or declined, an alternative is an ultrasound via the lower abdomen (pelvis diagnostic laparoscopy).
[46]	? Source unavailable	source	The provided source text is a ScienceDirect page with JavaScript disabled and no actual article content available. It contains only metadata, navigation, and a placeholder for the article, making it unusable for verification. (Source is long, only partially checked.)
[47]	Partially supported	source	The source text confirms that MRI is a non-invasive means of detecting lesions (endometriosis) without surgery. However, it does not explicitly state that MRI is 'not widely used due to its cost and limited availability,' though it does mention that 'no imaging test met the criteria for a replacement or triage test for detecting pelvic endometriosis' and that 'the data were too scant to permit meaningful conclusions' for MRI, which may imply limitations in its use. (Source is long, only partially checked.)
[48]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[1]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'Definitive diagnosis requires surgical visualization of lesions... Surgical removal of lesions, usually with laparoscopy, should be considered if first-line hormonal therapies are ineffective or contraindicated.' This supports the claim that laparoscopy is a surgical procedure used to diagnose endometriosis.
[3]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[3]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[49]	? Source unavailable	source	The source text is a guideline page with metadata, navigation, and download links, but no actual content from the guideline itself. There is no article text to analyze.
[3]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[3]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[3]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[50]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'At least two of the following three microscopic features: Endometrial type glands, Endometrial type stroma, Evidence of chronic hemorrhage (hemosiderin laden macrophages)'. This directly supports the claim that biopsy samples should show at least two of the listed features for confirmation.
[51]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[52]	Y Supported	source	The source text explicitly states: 'The most recognised staging system (Table 1) is the revised American Society of Reproductive Medicine (rASRM) staging system... Endometriosis stage Description of lesions Stage 1 Minimal... Stage 4 Severe...'. This directly supports the claim that rASRM classifies endometriosis as stage I–IV, ranging from minimal (stage I) to severe (stage IV).
[3]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[53]	? Source unavailable	source	The source text is a description of the Archive Team and its activities, with a redirect to a specific URL. There is no actual content related to the claim about the ENZIAN system or endometriosis assessment.
[3]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[31]	? Source unavailable	source	The source text is a journal article abstract and metadata from ScienceDirect, but it does not contain the actual content of the article. There is no mention of the American Association of Gynecologic Laparoscopists (AAGL) endometriosis staging system or its introduction in 2021. Therefore, the source is unavailable for verification.
[3]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[31]	? Source unavailable	source	The source text is a ScienceDirect article interface with no actual content provided. It only includes metadata, navigation, and a placeholder for the article, making it unusable for verification.
[54]	? Source unavailable	source	The source text appears to be the navigation and metadata of the BMJ Best Practice website, not the actual content of the article on endometriosis. There is no usable article content provided to verify the claim.
[1]	? Source unavailable	source	The provided source text contains only the title page, abstract, and beginning of the introduction of a medical review article on endometriosis. There is no content discussing conditions with overlapping symptoms such as uterine fibroids, cervical stenosis, or pelvic floor myofascial pain. The text is truncated and does not include the relevant section that would support or contradict the claim. (Source is long, only partially checked.)
[55]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'There is no known way to prevent endometriosis.' This directly supports the claim that 'According to the World Health Organization, there is no known way to prevent endometriosis.'
[56]	? Source unavailable	source	The provided source text is a guideline page from ESHRE, but it only contains metadata, navigation, and promotional information. There is no actual content from the guideline itself, such as paragraphs, quotes, or factual statements about risk factors for endometriosis. Therefore, the source is unavailable for verification.
[57]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'There is currently no cure for endometriosis, but there are treatment options for pain and infertility related to endometriosis.' It also explains that 'Treatments for endometriosis pain fall into three general categories: Pain medications, Hormone therapy, Surgical treatment.' This directly supports the claim that while there is no cure, treatments exist for pain and infertility, including hormones, painkillers, and surgery in severe cases.
[28]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[58]	? Source unavailable	source	The provided source text contains only the introductory pages and table of contents of the NICE guideline. There is no actual content related to the specific recommendation about starting medication for suspected endometriosis at the same time as referral for investigations. (Source is long, only partially checked.)
[1]	? Source unavailable	source	The provided source text appears to be the header, metadata, and beginning of a research article about endometriosis, but it does not contain the actual content of the article. There is no discussion of treatment protocols or ultrasound use in treatment initiation. The text is not usable for verifying the claim. (Source is long, only partially checked.)
[59]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'Treatment options include... surgical destruction or excision of lesions.' It also mentions 'surgical confirmation of endometriosis is not required before starting therapy,' implying surgery is a treatment option. The text further notes that 'controlled ovarian hyper-stimulation and IVF may be considered for women with sub-fertility,' indicating surgery is an option for infertility. The claim is directly supported by the source.
[1]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'hormonal treatments including combined oral contraceptives, progestins, and gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists, led to clinically significant greater pain reduction compared with placebo, with little difference in effectiveness among options.' This supports the claim that hormonal options have comparable efficacy. It also notes '11-19% of individuals with endometriosis have no pain reduction with hormonal medications' and '25-34% experience recurrent pelvic pain within 12 months of discontinuing hormonal treatment,' supporting the idea that individuals respond differently and finding the best option involves trial and error. Finally, it states that hormonal treatment is 'first-line treatment in women who are not seeking immediate pregnancy,' supporting the claim that it is not suitable for women trying to become pregnant.
[1]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'Hormonal suppression including combined estrogen-progestin contraceptives or progestins is first-line treatment in women who are not seeking immediate pregnancy.' It also mentions that 'progestin-only options' are first-line treatment. While the source does not explicitly list all the specific forms (hormonal coil, dienogest, medroxyprogesterone acetate, implant) mentioned in the claim, it does confirm that progestin-only hormonal suppression is a first-line therapy, which supports the core assertion of the claim.
[60]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[1]	? Source unavailable	source	The provided source text is a manuscript or research paper about endometriosis, but it does not contain any information about a product, treatment, or item being 'not available on its own in the US.' The text is focused on the medical condition, its symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment, with no mention of availability of any specific product or service in the US. (Source is long, only partially checked.)
[60]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[1]	Y Supported	source	"Hormonal suppression including combined estrogen-progestin contraceptives or progestins is first-line treatment in women who are not seeking immediate pregnancy." - Source confirms combined estrogen-progestin pills are first-line treatment. "The diagnosis is often delayed, averaging 5-12 years after onset of symptoms" - Source supports the claim about delayed diagnosis. "Endometriosis is a chronic, estrogen-dependent, inflammatory disease" - Source confirms the disease is estrogen-dependent.
[1]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'Second-line hormone therapies include GnRH agonists and antagonists...'. It also mentions that these drugs 'decrease estrogen levels,' which aligns with the claim. The source supports the claim that GnRH modulators are second-line treatments and that they decrease estrogen levels.
[61]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'GnRHas offer more pain reduction compared to placebo or progestogens' and 'they mimic symptoms of menopause.' This directly supports the claim that GnRH agonists mimic the effects of menopause and are more effective than placebo or oral progestin at reducing pain.
[1]	? Source unavailable	source	The provided source text contains only the title page, abstract, and introduction of a review article on endometriosis. There is no content discussing GnRH agonists, their side effects, or 'add-back' therapy. The text is truncated and does not include the sections where this information would typically appear. (Source is long, only partially checked.)
[61]	Y Supported	source	The source text confirms that GnRH analogues (GnRHas) are associated with hot flashes ("greater incidence of hot flushes") and decreased bone mineral density ("slight decrease in bone mineral density"). It also states that GnRHas can be prescribed with calcium-regulating agents to reduce bone loss ("GnRHas in conjunction with calcium-regulating agents"). These directly support the claim.
[1]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'third-line treatments include aromatase inhibitors' and 'block estrogen production throughout the body.' It also lists 'hot flashes, night sweats, and functional cysts' as common side effects.
[62]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[1]	? Source unavailable	source	The provided source text appears to be the front matter and abstract of a medical review article on endometriosis. It includes author information, funding disclosures, and a general overview of the disease, its symptoms, and treatment options. However, it does not contain the specific content needed to verify the claim about hormone use in premenopausal and postmenopausal women with endometriosis. The text is truncated and lacks the detailed discussion of hormonal therapies that would be necessary to support or refute the claim. (Source is long, only partially checked.)
[63]	Y Supported	source	The source text states that 'Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are most commonly used as first‐line treatment for women with pain associated with endometriosis' and specifically mentions 'NSAIDs (naproxen)' in the context of the review. This directly supports the claim that NSAIDs like naproxen are commonly used for endometriosis pain.
[1]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'Hormonal medications such as combined oral contraceptives and progestin-only options are first-line treatment and should be offered to symptomatic pre-menopausal women who do not currently desire pregnancy.' It also notes that these treatments 'led to clinically significant greater pain reduction compared with placebo.' This directly supports the claim that they are first-line treatments and can work well for mild pain.
[57]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'Pain medications may work well if your pain or other symptoms are mild.' This directly supports the claim that pain medications are first-line treatments and can work well for mild pain.
[1]	? Source unavailable	source	The provided source text contains only the title page, abstract, and beginning of the introduction of a medical review article on endometriosis. There is no mention of NSAIDs, hormonal treatment, or their combined or separate use in the provided text. The text is not sufficient to verify the claim. (Source is long, only partially checked.)
[64]	? Source unavailable	source	The provided source text is a website interface with cookies policy, navigation links, and metadata, but no actual content from the ESHRE Endometriosis guideline. There is no article text or factual statements to analyze.
[1]	? Source unavailable	source	The provided source text is a manuscript header and abstract for a review article on endometriosis. It contains no information about NSAIDs or their risks for people with heart disease, kidney disease, or uncontrolled hypertension. The text is focused solely on endometriosis, its epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment. (Source is long, only partially checked.)
[65]	Y Supported	source	The source text states that 'Laparoscopic surgery is now widely performed to treat various abdominal diseases' and that 'the abdomen is filled with gas so that the surgeon can see better and have space for instruments.' This directly supports the claim about the purpose of filling the abdomen with gas during laparoscopic surgery.
[1]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'Surgical removal of lesions, usually with laparoscopy, should be considered if first-line hormonal therapies are ineffective or contraindicated.' This supports the claim that surgery is recommended when medical treatment does not work sufficiently or is contraindicated. It also mentions 'Large endometriomas can only effectively be treated with surgery' and 'Surgery is also recommended when deep endometriosis causes problems in the bowels or urinary tract, such as obstruction,' which aligns with the claim. Finally, it states 'It is unclear what the effect of surgery is for pain relief in cases of superficial peritoneal endometriosis,' which matches the claim's final sentence.
[66]	? Source unavailable	source	The source text is a guideline page with metadata, navigation, and download links, but it does not contain the actual content of the guideline or the specific recommendations being cited. Therefore, it is not usable for verification.
[67]	? Source unavailable	source	The source text is a guideline page with metadata, navigation, and download links, but it does not contain the actual content of the guideline or any specific information about removal methods for endometriosis.
[68]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'Treatment options include ... surgical destruction or excision of lesions.' This directly supports the claim that removal can occur via excision (cutting out) or electrosurgery (coagulation or ablation/vaporization), as electrosurgery is a method of surgical destruction.
[69]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'A small instrument will be inserted into your uterus, through the vagina, to help gently manipulate the womb... The pelvis will then be inspected and endometriosis removed if it is seen... Deeper deposits of tissue are surgically removed from the body through the same incisions; this is called ‘excision’.' It also says: 'Most patients will be able to go home the same day.' These directly support the claim about instruments being inserted through incisions to remove tissue and adhesions, and that people can usually return home the same day.
[70]	? Source unavailable	source	The source text is a guideline document with metadata and navigation elements, but it does not contain the actual content of the guideline or the literature reviews mentioned in the claim. There is no usable article content to analyze.
[71]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'And many of these specialists do not accept health insurance.' It also explains that 'the medical billing codes for the two types of surgery are the same – even though ablation is typically performed in under an hour, while excision can take four hours or more,' implying that insurance reimbursement does not cover the higher costs of excision. This directly supports the claim.
[3]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[1]	? Source unavailable	source	The provided source text contains only the title, authors, affiliations, funding information, and the abstract of the article. The main content of the article, including the sections that would discuss the treatment of endometriomas, is not present. Therefore, it is not possible to verify the claim using the provided text. (Source is long, only partially checked.)
[72]	? Source unavailable	source	The provided source text is a webpage for the ESHRE Endometriosis guideline, but it contains only metadata, navigation, and promotional text. There is no actual content from the guideline itself to verify the claim about surgery improving quality of life and pain symptoms for deep endometriosis.
[1]	? Source unavailable	source	The provided source text appears to be the front matter and abstract of a medical review article on endometriosis. It includes author information, funding disclosures, and a general overview of the disease, its symptoms, and treatment options. However, it does not contain the specific content about surgical complications or the 7% figure for rectovaginal endometriosis surgeries mentioned in the claim. The text is truncated and does not progress to the sections where such detailed surgical data would typically be presented. (Source is long, only partially checked.)
[73]	? Source unavailable	source	The source text is a guideline page with metadata, navigation, and download links, but it does not contain the actual content of the guideline or any specific information about surgical treatments for endometriosis involving the bowel or bladder.
[74]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'You can have surgery to: ... remove part of your bladder or bowel, if endometriosis is affecting these.' This directly supports the claim that when endometriosis involves the bowel or bladder, part of the affected organ may be removed.
[75]	? Source unavailable	source	The provided source text is a guideline page with metadata, navigation, and download links, but no actual content from the guideline itself. There are no paragraphs or factual statements to analyze.
[1]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'Hysterectomy with surgical removal of lesions may be considered when other treatments are ineffective. However, approximately 25% of patients who undergo hysterectomy for endometriosis experience recurrent pelvic pain and 10% undergo additional surgery, such as lysis of adhesions, to treat pain.' This supports the claim that hysterectomy can be offered for women with persistent pain after other treatments. The text also implies that hysterectomy is done in combination with lesion removal, and notes that ovary removal leads to early menopause and associated risks.
[1]	? Source unavailable	source	The provided source text is the first few pages of a manuscript, including author information, funding, and an abstract. It does not contain the actual content of the analysis mentioned in the claim. There is no mention of a median follow-up of 24 months or a 16% recurrence rate of pain after surgery. (Source is long, only partially checked.)
[3]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[76]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[1]	? Source unavailable	source	The provided source text is the front matter and abstract of a review article on endometriosis. It does not contain the specific data about recurrence rates with and without postoperative hormonal suppression that the claim refers to. The text is not usable for verifying this particular claim. (Source is long, only partially checked.)
[68]	? Source unavailable	source	The provided source text is primarily navigation and interface elements from BMJ Best Practice, with no actual content related to the claim about endometriosis recurrence risk. There is no usable article content to analyze.
[1]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'There is no medical or surgical cure' and 'There is limited knowledge about the effectiveness of additional or adjunct therapies for endometriosis. Additional therapies sometimes used are pelvic floor physical therapy, exercise, acupuncture, pain education, or psychotherapy targeting pain.' This directly supports the claim.
[1]	? Source unavailable	source	The provided source text appears to be the front matter and abstract of a medical review article about endometriosis. It contains author information, funding details, and a general overview of the condition, but does not include any specific information about antioxidants or their potential effects on period pain. The text is not usable for verifying the claim. (Source is long, only partially checked.)
[77]	Partially supported	source	The source text states that 'antioxidant use was associated with a reduction in dysmenorrhea (mean difference −1.95 [CI 95%, -3.78 to -0.13])' based on a meta-analysis of six RCTs. This supports the claim that antioxidants might help reduce period pain. However, the source also notes that 'studies with low risk of bias did not show significant results' and that 'the available studies present high heterogeneity and moderate/high risk of bias,' which limits the strength of the evidence. The claim mentions a 'small number of studies,' which aligns with the 11 RCTs included in the review, but the source does not explicitly quantify the number as 'small.' (Source is long, only partially checked.)
[78]	Y Supported	source	"Controlled ovarian hyper-stimulation and IVF may be considered for women with sub-fertility" - The source text explicitly mentions in vitro fertilization (IVF) as a treatment option for infertility. It also discusses surgical options (e.g., laparoscopic excision of endometriosis) in the context of managing infertility and pelvic pain.
[79]	Partially supported	source	The source text mentions that 'controlled ovarian hyper-stimulation and IVF may be considered for women with sub-fertility' but does not explicitly state that IVF is increasingly recommended over surgery for older women or those with multiple reasons for infertility. The claim includes additional specifics not directly supported by the source.
[80]	? Source unavailable	source	The source text is a webpage for the ESHRE Endometriosis guideline, but it does not contain the actual content of the guideline or any specific information about recurrence of endometriosis. It only includes website navigation, cookie policy, and promotional text.
[81]	Y Supported	source	The source text states that the guideline provides recommendations on 'treatments for endometriosis for both relief of painful symptoms and for infertility due to endometriosis.' This supports the claim that the Endometriosis Fertility Index can help guide decisions on treatment of infertility.
[82]	? Source unavailable	source	The source text is a guideline page for endometriosis from ESHRE, but it only contains metadata, navigation, and a brief introduction. There is no actual content or recommendations provided in the text, making it impossible to verify the claim.
[83]	? Source unavailable	source	The provided source text is the table of contents and introductory sections of the NICE guideline on endometriosis. It does not contain the actual content or recommendations related to surgical management of endometriomas or their impact on fertility. Therefore, it is not possible to verify the claim using this source. (Source is long, only partially checked.)
[79]	? Source unavailable	source	The provided source text is the interface of BMJ Best Practice, including navigation elements and login prompts, but does not contain the actual article content or specific information about endometrioma surgery and pain relief.
[1]	? Source unavailable	source	The provided source text is a manuscript header and abstract with no actual content discussing the effectiveness of surgery for superficial peritoneal endometriosis and infertility. It only contains author information, funding details, and general overview of endometriosis. (Source is long, only partially checked.)
[84]	Partially supported	source	The source text states that 'women who receive postsurgical medical therapy compared with no medical therapy or placebo may experience benefit in terms of pain recurrence, disease recurrence, and pregnancy.' It also specifically notes that 'pregnancy rate is probably increased with postsurgical medical hormonal suppression compared to surgery alone (RR 1.19, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.38; 11 RCTs, n = 955; I2 = 27%; moderate-quality evidence).' This supports the claim that postsurgical hormonal suppression may help with both endometriosis recurrence and pregnancy. However, the source uses cautious language like 'may experience benefit' and 'probably increased,' indicating uncertainty rather than definitive proof. (Source is long, only partially checked.)
[85]	? Source unavailable	source	The provided source text is the introductory and structural content of a NICE guideline document, including disclaimers, terms of use, and table of contents. There is no actual article content or discussion about pregnancy outcomes related to endometriosis. (Source is long, only partially checked.)
[85]	? Source unavailable	source	The provided source text is the header and table of contents of a NICE guideline on endometriosis. It does not contain the actual content of the recommendations regarding hormonal suppression and fertility. Therefore, it is not possible to verify the claim with the given source text. (Source is long, only partially checked.)
[86]	? Source unavailable	source	The provided source text is a cookie consent notice and navigation menu from the ESHRE website, with no actual content from the guideline itself. There is no mention of recommendations regarding hormonal suppression or fertility.
[87]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'Endometriosis is usually a chronic disease, and in most affected people symptoms begin in adolescence and improve after menopause, although some continue to have pain after menopause.' It also says: 'Medical and surgical treatments can often provide symptomatic relief but are not curative.' These statements directly support the claim.
[3]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[88]	? Source unavailable	source	The provided source text is a PMC article abstract and metadata, but it does not contain the actual content of the article that would support or contradict the claim about medical therapy effectiveness for endometriosis. (Source is long, only partially checked.)
[87]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'Reported recurrence rates after surgery vary widely, between 6 and 67%' and 'Some people with endometriosis develop more complex persistent pain syndromes, thought to be due to central sensitization, and this may be part of a cluster of overlapping comorbid pain syndromes.' This directly supports the claim about variable recurrence rates and the association with persistent, complex pain linked to nervous system changes.
[1]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'Endometriosis is a common cause of pelvic pain affecting approximately 10% of reproductive-age women.' This directly supports the claim that endometriosis is commonly reported to affect approximately 10% of women of reproductive age.
[89]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'Endometriosis is estimated to affect approximately 10% of women of reproductive age, translating to around 190 million women and girls globally [ WHO, 2023 ].' This directly supports the claim.
[90]	? Source unavailable	source	The provided source text is the header and metadata of a scientific article from PMC, but it does not contain the actual content of the article. There are no paragraphs of text, quotes, or factual statements about the number of surgically confirmed endometriosis cases. Therefore, the source is unavailable for verification. (Source is long, only partially checked.)
[89]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'True prevalence is difficult to determine because a definitive diagnosis requires direct visualization at laparoscopy' and 'In addition, its presentation is variable and delayed diagnosis common.' These directly support the claim that determining an exact prevalence is difficult due to diagnostic delays and the need for surgical confirmation.
[1]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'Endometriosis is observed (primarily via laparoscopy) in 28.1% (95% CI=26.9-29.4; meta-analysis of 11 observational studies) of women presenting with chronic pelvic pain and 24.8% (95% CI=23.9-25.8; meta-analysis of 17 observational studies) of women presenting with infertility.' This directly supports the claim that 28% of women with pelvic pain and 25% of those with infertility undergoing laparoscopy are diagnosed with endometriosis.
[1]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'Endometriosis is typically diagnosed in individuals in their early 30s, despite average symptom onset in adolescence to the early 20s.' This directly supports the claim that the disease is most diagnosed in women in their 30s, but symptoms typically start in their early 20s or in adolescence.
[89]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'It is most commonly diagnosed between the ages of 18 and 29 years, although it can present before menarche and in menopause.' This directly supports the claim that individuals can develop endometriosis symptoms before their first period (before menarche) and in menopause.
[91]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[92]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[88]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'race/ethnicity, socioeconomic, and gender factors may influence the ability to seek and access care for diagnosis and management, skewing prevalence data.' This directly supports the claim that observed differences in prevalence may reflect health inequities rather than true biological differences.
[93]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[94]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[95]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[96]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[97]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[98]	? Source unavailable	source	The source text provided is primarily metadata and descriptions about the Archive Team and the ScienceDirect article, but it does not include the actual content of the article 'Who identified endometriosis?' Therefore, there is no usable content to verify the claim.
[99]	Y Supported	source	The source text confirms that Thomas Cullen described 'adenomyoma' in 1896 (Cullen T. Adenomyoma of the round ligament. Johns Hopkins Hosp Bull. 1896;7:112–3.) and later, between 1903 and 1920, he showed the tissue was endometrial (Cullen TS. Adeno-myome des uterus. Berlin: Verlag von August Hirschwald; 1903. and Cullen TS. The distribution of adenomyomata containing uterine mucosa. Arch Surg. 1920;1:215–83.). This directly supports the claim.
[98]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'John Sampson was the first to identify the pathogenesis of the condition.' This directly supports the claim that he studied its pathogenesis. While the source does not explicitly mention retrograde menstruation or surgical transplantation, it confirms his role in defining the pathogenesis of endometriosis, which aligns with the broader claim.
[100]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[101]	? Source unavailable	—	No URL found in reference
[100]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[100]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[102]	? Source unavailable	source	The source text is a reCAPTCHA prompt and does not contain any usable article content.
[103]	? Source unavailable	source	The provided source text is a PMC article abstract and metadata, but it does not contain the actual content of the article that would support or contradict the claim about the treatment's duration and side effects. (Source is long, only partially checked.)
[104]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'Short-acting GnRHa is administered intranasally or subcutaneously. Longer-acting preparations are administered intramuscularly or as subcutaneous implants.' This directly supports the claim that GnRH agonists needed to be administered either nasally or via injections. The source also mentions that they were 'slow to act' in the context of their clinical application and the need for longer-acting preparations, which implies a limitation in their speed of action.
[104]	? Source unavailable	source	The provided source text is from a PubMed Central (PMC) article, but it only includes the abstract, introduction, and beginning of the methods section. There is no mention of elagolix or oral GnRH antagonists in the provided text. The source does not contain the actual content needed to verify the claim about elagolix being introduced in 2018. (Source is long, only partially checked.)
[105]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[106]	Y Supported	source	The source text states that endometriosis is associated with 'menstrual stigma, chronic pain stigma, and infertility stigma,' and that these forms of stigma contribute to 'poor mental health' and 'dismissal' by medical providers. It also mentions 'diagnostic delay' and 'ineffective treatment' as part of the patient experience, which aligns with the claim.
[106]	Y Supported	source	The source text states that 'stigma has been recognized as a potent contributor to poor mental health in endometriosis patients' and identifies 'menstrual stigma' as a major source of stigma. It also notes that patients are often dismissed by medical providers who may normalize their pain, which aligns with the claim that stigma discourages discussion and casts doubt on accounts of period pain.
[107]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[108]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[109]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'One of the ways in which the disease can be diagnosed is through a transvaginal sonography [ultrasound]. But due to the social construct of virginity and taboo around sexual life before marriage, most doctors or patients don’t consider it an option for unmarried women, which delays the diagnosis further.' This directly supports the claim that cultural norms in India often prevent unmarried women from being offered a transvaginal ultrasound, leading to delays in diagnosis.
[110]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[111]	Y Supported	source	The source text provides multiple examples of women in the UK being denied transvaginal ultrasounds due to their virginity or lack of sexual activity, including specific cases where healthcare professionals explicitly cited these factors. The article also notes that this issue is not limited to the UK, with a woman in Glasgow being denied a scan at Nuffield Health and another in Birmingham affected by similar cultural barriers. The text directly supports the claim that women with unperforated hymens or who are not sexually active may be denied these medical procedures in other countries.
[112]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'These encounters may be rooted in implicit and explicit biases held by healthcare providers including the notion that non-white patients have a higher pain threshold (Hoberman 2012, Hoffman et al. 2016).' This directly supports the claim that the stereotype of non-white women having a higher pain threshold may reduce the quality of care they receive for endometriosis.
[113]	? Source unavailable	source	The provided source text is a website login or cookie consent page with no actual article content. There is no usable information to verify the claim.
[114]	? Source unavailable	source	The source text is a reCAPTCHA prompt and does not contain any usable article content.
[108]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[106]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'For patients that do seek medical care, an abundance of research indicates that they are often dismissed by medical providers, who may normalize their pain and attribute their symptoms to psychological causes.' This directly supports the claim that healthcare providers sometimes dismiss described symptoms as normal menstruation or psychologize the issue.
[115]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[116]	Y Supported	source	The source text states that 'The economic burden of endometriosis is substantial' and provides specific cost ranges (direct medical costs from US$1459 to US$20,239 per patient per year and indirect costs from US$4572 to US$14,079 per patient per year), supporting the claim that the economic burden is substantial.
[117]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[116]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'The medical costs of endometriosis were principally registered in secondary care settings, where surgery was the main cost driver.' This directly supports the claim that 'surgery is the main component of medical costs.' The source also provides the exact cost ranges mentioned in the claim: 'the overall direct medical cost range of endometriosis from US$1459 to US$20,239 (2022) per patient per year' and 'costs between US$4572 and US$14,079 (2022)' for indirect costs, which aligns with the productivity loss figures mentioned.
[118]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'In a cross-sectional survey with Puerto Rican women, Fourquet et al. found that endometriosis-related and coexisting symptoms disrupted all aspects of women’s daily lives... 20% reported being unable to work because of pain.' This directly supports the claim that a survey of Puerto Rican women showed 20% absence from work due to endometriosis.
[119]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[120]	Y Supported	source	The source text explicitly states: 'Migraine, headaches, endometriosis and anxiety disorders, for example, which disproportionately affect women, all attract much less funding in proportion to the burden they exert on the US population than do other conditions.' This directly supports the claim that endometriosis is underfunded in relation to its disease burden.
[121]	? Source unavailable	source	The provided source text is a PMC article abstract and introduction, but it does not contain the specific data or analysis regarding endometriosis research funding between 2015 and 2019. The text discusses gender disparity in NIH funding in general and mentions endometriosis (referred to as ME/CFS) as an example of underfunded diseases affecting women, but it does not provide the 5 to 10 times less funding claim or the specific time frame. (Source is long, only partially checked.)
[122]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[123]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'A major research priority is the identification of a biomarker that is sensitive and specific enough for detecting endometriosis.' It also mentions that 'potential biomarkers are detectable through non-invasive methods such as blood tests, urine tests or analysis of menstrual fluid.' This directly supports the claim that a priority area of research is the search for endometriosis biomarkers detectable via a blood test to aid in earlier diagnosis.
[124]	Y Supported	source	The source text confirms that CA-125 is elevated in endometriosis but also in many other conditions, making it unreliable on its own. It also discusses microRNAs as a promising area of research, noting that their levels are inconsistent across studies, which aligns with the claim that they are a challenging target. The text supports the broader assertion that no biomarkers have yet achieved the high accuracy needed for clinical use.
[125]	? Source unavailable	source	Could not fetch source content
[126]	Partially supported	source	The source text states that endometriosis is 'significantly heterogeneous' and that 'current theories of pathogenesis can explain some form of lesions, but none can describe the entire spectrum.' It also proposes that 'various aetiologies could explain different routes of lesion initiation' and that 'a better understanding... will lead to advances in understanding endometriosis heterogeneity... and improve treatment outcomes.' This supports the idea that research on lesion differences is limited and that classifying them could lead to more targeted therapies, but the source does not explicitly state that 'little research has been done' or directly compare this approach to cancer therapies.
[127]	Y Supported	source	The source text states that 'rodents have the advantages of low cost, fast reproduction, easy rearing, and a similar endometrial structure to humans' and mentions 'newly developed rodent models, such as cell line injection models, pain models, genetically engineered mouse models, fluorescent tracer models, iron overload models, chemical induction models, and methods of constructing rodent models of different subtypes of endometriosis.' This directly supports the claim that endometriosis has been studied in a large variety of animal models, including mice developed to have endometriosis.
[126]	? Source unavailable	source	The source text is a ScienceDirect page with JavaScript disabled message, navigation elements, and metadata, but no actual article content is provided. Therefore, it is not usable for verification.
[126]	Y Supported	source	The source text states: 'We propose this could contribute to lesion heterogeneity and finally outline approaches to investigate these possibilities using molecular profiling and high-fidelity in vitro models.' This supports the claim that organoids (high-fidelity in vitro models) are being used to study endometriosis mechanisms.

Summary: 93 supported, 9 partially supported, 1 not supported, 132 source unavailable out of 235 citations. Generated by Citation Verifier using a PublicAI-hosted open-source LLM on 16:19, 30 April 2026 (UTC). Tokens used: 613,224 input, 15,926 output.